The Phases of Negotiation and the Strategies Used in the Dairy Co Essay

The Phases of Negotiation and the Strategies Used in the Dairy Co - Essay Example The first issue that we had to deal with was reaching a basis for increase in wages during the life of the agreement. The objective of this issue before the negotiation was â€Å"Productivity benefit to be shared 60%-40% between the company and the workers†. The outcome after the negotiation was â€Å"Productivity benefit to be shared 70%-30% between company and workers†. The second issue was to reach common grounds over workplace agreements such as the process by which employees will be identified for and be nominated for training. The objective of the team before the negotiation was â€Å"Get the management to agree to pay training fees for employees. Vacancies should be first given to employees who are trained.† As for the outcome, the negotiation objective was achieved. The third issue that was raised was an agreement over hours’ roster, including implications for shifts and for over time. For this issue the objective before negation was : â€Å"emplo yee will be paid across 1 week. Average weekly working hour would be 38 hours. There will be 6 working day per week (Mon-Sat). Working hour for over 2 hours in one working day, the payment will be 1.5 times.† However the objective was not achieved during negotiations and the outcome was: â€Å"Employee will be paid across two weeks. Average weekly working hour would be 38 hrs. There will be 6 working days per week (Mon-Sat). ... The fifth and the final issue was regarding the establishment of a joint work place committee-most of the practical arrangements (size, facilities etc) have been agreed and only two issues remain - whether the committee should be a negotiating body or a consultative one; and whether any company information can be kept confidential from the committee.Objective before negotiation was : â€Å"Employee can know have little access to financial information to make sure company have ability to pay their money. Employees can delegate small number of employees to join company's meeting. However, employees have to sign the contract with Dairy Co. to keep the information confidential.† The objective was achieved as both sides reached an agreement over it. There are various strategies that people can employ to negotiate. It is very important to make sure that the right strategy is chosen so that the results that follow are effective. The deal is to ensure that both manger and the employee s can benefit from the strategy. (Jordon & Roloff ; 1997) Managers at Dairy Co want to sustain long term relationship with employees. This helped a lot during our preparation and our way through most of the phases of this negotiation. The management tried to be co-operative and hence an integrative strategy was opted for. Integrative bargaining is based on the premise that the table is open for both parties to co-operate and interact with each other to find a viable solution which upholds the interest of both parties. (Fells, 1998) The goal is essentially to maximize benefits for both sides or as they call it a, lead the negotiations to a â€Å"win-win† situation. The first phase that we identified was the â€Å"begin phase†. In this phase a lot of meetings were

Future Business Leader scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Future Business Leader scholarship - Essay Example Successful business leaders must be inspirational and committed to work. Successful business leaders should have the ability to share their vision in a successful manner with their team. If the mission and vision of the organisation is clear to the employees then the chances of leading the team successfully increases. Successful business leaders have good communication skills. They ensure that via their communication they are able to motivate their team and retrieve maximum amount of productivity from the team. Leaders need to keep their team motivated so that the team remains in high spirits at all times. Successful business leaders need to engage in team work and also encourage team work amongst their staff. With team work, the task gets effectively and efficiently done. Leaders need to effectively handle teams and delegate tasks to team member according to their capability. Successful leaders need to have good time management skills. They need to manage workload time according to deadlines and should know how to prioritise work according to deadlines. Successful leaders can work under pressure and ensure that they manage all activities in a successful manner. Successful leaders need to have a good and modest character. They should instil good values in their organisation so that the employees following them aim for good values in their professional life. Leaders need to demonstrate a strong ethical conduct at workplace. They should be ethical while conducting the organisational activities so that the subordinates under the leader do the same. Honesty and ethical conduct are crucial elements for successful business leadership. The business that I would like to initiate in my future is a day care business. Day care business is a highly challenging business as one has to deal with small children and a staff that is calm and patient. Due to my inspirational personality,

Oliver Twist Essay Example for Free

Oliver Twist Essay Oliver Twist was novel written by Charles Dickens that had been brought to the big screen. It is about a young orphan boy named Oliver who only tries to stay good in a society of the upper class that refuses to help the people under them. Oliver gets sent into a workhouse once he turns nine and soon finds himself in a gang of pickpockets that work for a man named Fagin. At each turn he is threatened by characters that believe their deliberate cruelty and lack of compassion to be the highest expressions of charity. They continue to insist that things for Oliver will end up working out in the end. Class and society is one of the main themes in the film of Oliver Twist. The superficialness of class structures emphasize that each individual is the same regardless of their social class into which they were born. But most of the scenes uncover the fact that the Victorian society was cruel and unsympathetic towards the poor because they were so self-absorbed. The Victorian society also firmly believed that the systems taking care of the poor were the most humane systems possible; therefore, leaving nothing for them to help out with. Another theme in the film of Oliver Twist is poverty. The theme is closely related to the theme of class. But as that theme is concerned with showing how the social class system is just invented by society to justify the existing state of affairs. We can see in this film just how miserable the lower classes really were due to the desperateness of stealing. Oliver Twist, doesn’t shy away from representing the terrible conditions of the poor in all their misery with gritty realism. Lastly, fate and free will is another theme in the film of Oliver Twist. The characters Oliver, Mr. Brownlow and the Maylies are liberated and live happily ever after at the end while the other characters aren’t able to escape the complications that the city, their social class, and the systems of justice seem to have created towards the people. Certain characters seem to give up their free will at certain points to abandon themselves in the inevitable. Throughout the movie we try to figure out how much free will each character has. We also question how each character is trapped in the systems of social class and if they will be able to make their own choices in the end. One of the strengths of this film is the inspiring character of Oliver Twist. He continues to believe in his faith in God throughout the entire film, no matter what complicated situation he was going through. Oliver also always believed that the best would come out of everything that was happening and possessed a sincere sorrow at the choices made by some of the other characters in the movie. Oliver’s character was brought to life through depth and the continuation of his faith in God. The only weakness of this film I would say is probably be the length of it. If you don’t know where the story is going, it can seem to go on for a while for someone who is being introduced to Oliver Twist. But if you look back at the history of movies, many of the best films are quite long. This statement is proven because at the end of the film Oliver gains strength in himself and ends up with a family of his own and surrounded by caring and loving people. In conclusion, Oliver Twist was worth watching because it truly captures a realistic Victorian era of the slums in London with the gloomy workhouses and the upper class residents who show no interest in caring for the poor. I was definitely surprised by the realism in this movie and how it shows the many faces that evil has. I also thought that the film gave an immense impression of Oliver’s determination to follow what he knows to be right. Although I have not read the novel that this film was based on, I have a good reason to believe that the film most likely did the story justice.

Ethics From Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill

Ethics From Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 12 February 1804) was an 18th-century German philosopher from the Prussian city of KÃ ¶nigsberg. Kant was the last influential philosopher of modern Europe in the classic sequence of the theory of knowledge during the Enlightenment beginning with thinkers John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume.[1] A philosopher who lived a life of stringent discipline routine. He took a passionate interest in American and French revolution. Kant has various writings to his credit which include: General Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755): in which he writes about the solar system Critique of Pure Reason (1781): is about his philosophical work in natural sciences mathematics. Critique of Judgement (1790): wherein he analyzes aesthetics biology. The Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785): endeavours to show the foundations of genuine morality. The Critique of Practical Reason (1788): investigates implications of immorality for religion. Kants main concern is nature morality (starry heavens above and moral law within). He says that genuine morality i.e., a morality which is objectively and universally binding requires an a priori foundation. He adds that the universal basis of morality in man must lie in his rational nature, since this alone is the same in everyone. Thus a moral principle must be such that a man can will that all men including him should act upon it. Kant uses the test of consistency as the core of fundamental moral law which he calls categorical imperative: those actions are right which conform to principles one can consistently will to be principles for all men, and those actions are wrong which are based upon maxims that a rational creature could not will that all men should follow. Through the categorical imperative we can distinguish between right wrong actions. Kant emphasizes that it is not only the test but it is also the unconditional directive for behavior. It is binding upon everyone because each rational man acknowledges his obligation to follow reason. Thus categorical imperative is the only basis for determining our duties. He stresses that reason prescribes duty, and the moral law holds whether or not men actually follow it. In order to have an in-depth understanding of Kants philosophy we need to see how he built up his argument. Initially Kant carries out a critical analysis of the commonly accepted good things like health, wealth and friendship. He adds that the mentioned things are not good under all circumstances, but only in so far as they are conjoined with something that is unqualified good a good will. GOOD WILL represents the effort of a rational being to do what he ought to do, rather than to act from inclination or self -interest. Thus a good will appears to constitute the indispensable condition even of being worthy of happiness. Kant elaborates that good will is not good because is achieves good results. Even if it fails to attain the ends it seeks, it would be good in itself and have a higher worth than the superficial things gained by immoral actions. Kant mentions that reason is a very inefficient instrument for the achievement of happiness. He concludes that reason is not intended to p roduce happiness, but to produce a good will. Kant further explains the relation between good will duty highlighting that a good will is one which acts for the sake of duty. Indeed, human actions have moral worth only if they are performed from duty. He further says that even action in accordance with duty is not enough; only respect for duty, makes an action moral. Kant further differentiates praiseworthy behavior from moral action, he says that altruistic or selfless actions that result from feelings of sociability deserve praise and encouragement but they cannot be classified as possessing moral value. Moral worth of character which is highest of all is not brought out from inclination but from duty. Kant then puts forward his first ethical proposition wherein he states that an act must be done from duty in order to have moral worth. Taking this forward the second ethical proposition says that an act from duty derives its moral value not from the results it produces but from the principle by which it is determined. Taking the first two propositions Kant defines duty as the morally right action is one done solely out of reverence for the law and its unique and unconditioned worth is derived from this source. Third proposition which is a consequence of the first two expresses duty is the necessity of acting from respect for the law .For Kant the supreme principle or law of morality which the good man must follow is the Categorical Imperative. Rational beings as far they act rationally will always be guided by ethical principles or maxims which can be adopted by everyone else without generating any contradiction. Kant further distinguishes between categorical imperative and hypothetical imperative. Kant says that categorical imperative is an unconditional directive that prescribes actions to be done because of the moral worth of the maxim and not for the sake of some consequence that may result. On the other hand hypothetical imperative is a conditional directive which advises what ought to be done if a desired goal is to be achieved for example, One ought to tell the truth as a manner of principle is a categorical imperative, whereas if you want to avoid punishment, you ought to tell the truth is a hypothetical imperative. Kants first explicit formulation of categorical imperative requires an individual to obey a maxim which can, without contradiction, be willed to be a rule for everyone. This means that the essence of morality lies in acting on the basis of an impersonal principle which is valid for everyone, including oneself. Kant conceives the categorical imperative to be a two-fold test. It requires first, that maxims for moral action be universalized without logical contradiction and second, that they be universal directives for action which do not bring the will into disharmony with itself by requiring it to will one thing for itself and another thing for others. In one of Kants formulation of categorical imperative he talks of social implications, he emphasizes that it requires us to treat every human being as an end in himself and never as merely a means to an end. In brief, we should respect all human beings impartially and avoid exploiting anyone. Ends that are ends only because they are des ired give us hypothetical imperatives; but if there is an end in itself, the imperative to seek it is independent of desire and is therefore a categorical imperative. Kant shows the basic identity of the first and second formulations of the categorical imperative. Those actions which, on the first formulation, cannot be universalized without contradiction, example committing suicide or refusing to help the needy, will be seen on the second formulation to be inconsistent with the idea of humanity as an end in itself. Having brought to light with logical rigor the implicit pre-suppositions of the common mans awareness of duty and shown it to be a universal categorical imperative, Kant gives eloquent praise to pure moral philosophy and a word of caution to those moralists who would allow reason to be corrupted by empirical considerations. References: [1] Crane Brinton. Enlightenment, Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 2, p. 519. Macmillan, 1967. [2] www.wikipedia.com [3] E. Albert, T. Denise, S. Peterfreund Great Traditions in Ethics, 4th Edition, 1980. 2. John Stuart Mill John Stuart Mill was the intellectual heir of the utilitarian movement in England. Mill dedicated himself to clarifying the teachings of his father, James Mill, and those of Jeremy Bentham, who championed the utilitarian doctrine. John Mill was nurtured and mentored to be an original thinker. Mills major works include: System of Logic (1843): which is his philosophical contribution wherein he defends the inductive method of logic, showing that general laws or universal principles must be derived from empirical facts. Principles of Political Economy (1848): wherein he relates the application of Utilitarian principles to Economics. Essays on Liberty (1859) and Considerations on Representative Government (1861): are classical statements of his social and political philosophy. Essay Utilitarianism (1861): is his only explicit contribution to ethics. Autobiography and Three Essays on Religion: both of which works were published after his death. John Stuart Mill did not attempt to originate an ethical theory, but rather to defend the ethical theory to which he was born. He modified and went beyond the utilitarian doctrine as it was propounded by his father and Jeremy Bentham. Bentham based his utilitarian philosophy on the principle that the object of morality is the promotion of the greatest happiness of the maximum number of members in the society. He proceeded on the premise that the happiness of any individual consists in a favorable balance of pleasures over pains. Consequently, those actions which tend to increase pleasure are called good and those actions which tend to increase pain are called bad. For Bentham The public good ought to be the subject of the legislator: General utility ought to be the foundation of his reasonings. To know the true good of the community is what constitutes the science of legislation; the art consists in finding the means to realize that good. To implement this social and political ideal, he constructed a hedonistic calculus by means of which pleasures and pains could be measured. In this way, good and bad acts and, consequently, good and bad legislation, can be evaluated in terms of such factors as intensity, duration, extent, certainty, propinquity, fecundity purity.2 Mill restates the Bentham doctrine. In his restatement, he goes beyond Benthams contention that the essential differences among pleasures and pains are quantitative, maintaining that they are also subject to significant qualitative differentiation. Mill accepts in principle Benthams doctrine regarding the basic role of pleasure and pain in morality viz. Individual psychological hedonism: according to which the sole motive of an action is an individuals desire for happiness that is for a balance of pleasure over pain. This is primarily a descriptive doctrine since it gives an account of the actual motive of the behaviour. Universal ethical hedonism: according to which the greatest happiness of the greatest number ought to be the individuals goal and standard of conduct. This is a normative theory in that it stipulates what ought to be done. In it is a principle by which actions are evaluated in terms of their consequences irrespective of the nature of the motive. However there are gaps between Individual psychological hedonism and Universal ethical hedonism: If each individual is motivated solely by the desire of his own happiness, there is no reason to assume that his actions will at the same time always promote the interests of the society The descriptive fact that men do desire their own happiness, does not imply the normative principle that men ought to act in accordance with this desire. In order to fill the gaps and harmonize individual psychological hedonism and universal ethical hedonism Mill takes recourse to the concept of Sanctions the inducement to action which gives binding force to moral rules. In Mills system of ethics, sanctions are rooted in the hedonistic motive, i.e., moral rules are acknowledged and obeyed by virtue of anticipated pleasures or pains There are both external and internal sanctions. External sanctions are forces of reward and punishment in the universe about us which control mens actions through their fear of pain and propensity for pleasure. But Mill cautions that presence of such external sanctions is not to be taken as true sense of moral obligation. Thus ultimate moral sanction must come from within. The force of an internal action derives from the feeling of pleasure which is experienced when a moral law is obeyed and the feeling of pain which accompanies a violation of it. Thus the greatest happiness principle can be sanctioned from within. Moreover by means of this doctrine of internal sanctions, Mill is enabled to reconcile the psychological theory that everyone desires his own happiness with the moral theory that one ought to act as to serve pub lic good. Looking at Mills work in detail we see that Mill defends the utilitarian doctrine by identifying misrepresentations and clarification of the principle. He opposes those who fail to associate utility with pleasure and pain. Mill then states concisely the doctrine of utility. He says that Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness (pleasure and absence of pain), wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness or unhappiness (pain and deprivation of pleasure).He further states that pleasures vary in kind and degree and some kinds of pleasure are more desirable more valuable than others. Thus quantity quality both need to be considered when estimating pleasure. Mill relates that superiority of one kind of pleasure over another is determined by those who have experienced both kinds. Further says that among those who have experienced both prefer the pleasure of higher faculties. Mill further discounts the judgment of those who abandon higher pleasures for lower ones by explaining that they are incapable either inherently or by lack of opportunity of enjoying the higher kind. The only judges are those who have tested the spectrum of pleasures (lower higher pleasures).Mill relates the greatest happiness principle to include the difference between the quantitative and qualitative aspects of pleasure. Mill puts forward the realistic description of happiness and a suggestion for the social means of achieving it. This is a clarification to the objections to the utilitarian doctrine. Another objection Mill discounts is the claim that Utilitarian morality is incompatible with acts of personal sacrifice which are so sacred in Christian culture. Thus he concludes that each individuals happiness is equal to that of any other. The greatest happiness principle is not essential as a motive for conduct but is essential as the rule by which conduct is judged and sanctioned. Herein moral evaluation is directed to actions and to the manner in which they affect the general happiness. Having removed the major misconceptions about the principle of utility Mill proposes to investigate its ultimate sanction. Mill states that it is our feeling for humanity which provides the ultimate sanction of the principle of utility and this Mill calls the internal sanction. Regardless of whether this inner feeling or internal sanction for mankind is inborn or acquired, Mill argues that it can be a powerful force and a sound basis for utilitarian morality. Mills moving description of the origin and nature of the feeling for humanity may serve as a fitting conclusion to his exposition of the greatest happiness principle. References: [1] E. Albert, T. Denise, S. Peterfreund Great Traditions in Ethics, 4th Edition 1980. [2] www.wikipedia.com (3) Virtue Ethics Virtue ethics highlights or stresses on the basic virtues of moral character the main concept being of virtue, practical wisdom and eudaimonia. The founders of virtue ethics are Plato and Aristotle, though roots can be traced back to Greek Philosophy and the Chinese dominant approach1. Virtue ethics refers to a collection of normative ethical philosophy that place an emphasis on being rather that doing. In other words in virtue ethics morality stems from the identity or character of the individual rather than being a reflection of the actions (or consequences thereof) of the individual. There are various debates on virtue ethics however the link that connects all is that Morality comes as a result of intrinsic virtues2 VIRTUE: PLATOS IDEA Plato followed the Socratic dictum Virtue is Knowledge. Platos thesis was that life of reason is the happiest best. This means that knowledge produces a harmonious man in the sense that when reason governs desires passions, a well balanced organized personality results. Such a person is a rational man who is the virtuous man and the happy man. For Plato a morally virtuous man is one who is in Rational, Emotional and Biological balance . In Platonic terms a virtuous man is one who is wise, temperate, courageous and just. In a virtuous man desires or passions function harmoniously under the governance of reason. Such a man sets his own inner life is his own master and is at peace with himself. Platos answer to what is a Good Life is that a life of reasoning is the best life. He has written in the Republic It is better to be unborn than untaught: for ignorance is the root of misfortune.3 For Plato: A man of knowledge is the virtuous man Life of reason(knowledge ) is the best life Ultimate knowledge on which moral virtue is based is the knowledge of the Good. By achievement of justice ,temperance and wisdom the whole soul becomes perfect and noble VIRTUE: ARISTOTLES IDEA Aristotles theory is that everyone wants to live the good life, the happy life. The term used for happiness is Eudaimonia. By happiness Aristotle seems to mean well being the fulfillment of our distinctive functions. Aristotle says that Eudaimonia is the highest good because it is sought for its own sake and nothing else that is justice is sought because it leads to good life. According to Aristotle the best way to achieve happiness (Eudaimonia) was to inculcate and exhibit those qualities that are most productive to live in a society. He states that extremes of character are not good. For Aristotle Virtue lies in the Golden Mean that is the right balance between the two extremes. He has called each of the extremes Vice and the mean Virtue4. Exceptions to the Rule: Not everything has a means No means for murder or theft Thus following Aristotles thought every person should develop his own character by inculcating habit of virtue. Thereafter good actions will become a habit e.g. a good person will take good decisions. This goodness shall then ripple to the society coming generations from their elders since virtue is taught by example rather than set of rules. The virtues identified by Aristotle are of 2 types: Moral Virtues: The habitual choice of actions in accordance with rational principles. Intellectual Virtues: The contemplation of theoretical truths and the discovery of rational principles which ought to control everyday actions. The first set of virtues is developed by habits the second by training and education. According to Aristotle we are not born with virtues that are we are inherently good or bad, we learn by inculcating habits having role models of virtuous people.4 Thus according to Aristotle A life of reason is the best and most pleasant and this life is also the happiest one. Happiness thus depends on actualization of ones rationality. A virtuous man lives according to reason thus realizing his distinct potentiality.

Superconductors and Superconductivity :: physics science superconductor

Before Kamerlign Onnes, in 1908, was able to liquefy helium and bring its temperature down to about 1K, it had been known that the resistance of a metal falls when cooled below room temperature. However, it was not known what value the resistance would approach if the temperature was reduced towards 0K until Onnes, while experimenting with platinum, discovered that, its resistance fell when cooled to a very low value that depended on the metal’s purity. As the temperature of mercury was reduced toward 0K, the value of the resistance would fall smoothly until the resistance fell extremely suddenly at about 4K. Below 4K, mercury passed into a new state with electrical properties unlike those previously known: this new state that mercury had entered was called the â€Å"superconducting state.† Superconductivity can be destroyed if a sufficiently strong magnetic field is applied. A metal in this state has very unique magnetic properties that are unlike those at normal temperatures. A superconductor is often referred to as the perfect diamagnetic. Diamagnetic, ideally, are a class of materials that do not conserve magnetic flux, but expel it. A superconductor is classified as a perfect diamagnetic because by all measurable standards the magnetic flux within the material is zero. Electrons have a wave-like nature so an electron moving through a metal can be represented by a plane wave progressing in the same direction. A metal has a crystalline structure with the atoms lying on a repetitive lattice; a plane wave can pass through a perfectly periodic structure without being scattered into other directions. An electron is able to pass through a perfect crystal without any loss of momentum of its original direction. That is why it is important for superconductors to have very low impurities; any fault in the periodicity of the crystal will scatter the electron wave and introduce some resistance. This is called the residual resistance and it is independent of the temperature. Thermal vibrations also increase the resistance so when the temperature is lowered, the thermal vibrations of the atoms decrease and so the electrons are less frequently scattered. In short, the resistance of a metal is dependent on the purity of a metal and its temperature: metals with few impurities reach a superconducting state at low temperatures. The superconductivity state of a metal exists only in a certain range of temperature and field strength.

The Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay -- essays research papers

Art, what is Art? It is an ambiguous matter: without an exact form, an exact meaning. Does it have any rules or restrictions? However, it can be a great influence on the lives of people. In the novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, two lovers have fell in and out of love due to Art!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dorian Gray found Sibyl charming because of her Art!  ¡Ã‚ §She has not merely art, consummate art-instinct in her, but she has personality also; and you have often told me that it is personalities, not principles, that move the age ¡Ã‚ ¨ (63). Sibyl is an actress. She is formed by others: no self is without external influence. Therefore, Art that expresses the self is less valuable than art which expresses the influence of others. The special thing that made Dorian mad about her is that she is more than an individual.  ¡Ã‚ §I (Dorian) have seen her in every age and in every costume. Ordinary women never appeal to one ¡Ã‚ ¦s imagination. No glamour ever transfigures them ¡Ã‚ ¨ (59). By imagination that Sibyl has the power to arouse, she can be of any characteristics. Art has no set form, but the purpose of art is to give form to feeling. Now, Sibyl is a person that is able to provide all kinds of feelings that Dorian wishes to experience. Dorian finds extreme pleasure in experiencing through all the sentiments that Sibyl gives. Being a spectator to the different lives and stories amuses Dorian: one evening Sibyl is Juliet, next evening she is Imogen, another night, she is Roselind. &nbs... The Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay -- essays research papers Art, what is Art? It is an ambiguous matter: without an exact form, an exact meaning. Does it have any rules or restrictions? However, it can be a great influence on the lives of people. In the novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, two lovers have fell in and out of love due to Art!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dorian Gray found Sibyl charming because of her Art!  ¡Ã‚ §She has not merely art, consummate art-instinct in her, but she has personality also; and you have often told me that it is personalities, not principles, that move the age ¡Ã‚ ¨ (63). Sibyl is an actress. She is formed by others: no self is without external influence. Therefore, Art that expresses the self is less valuable than art which expresses the influence of others. The special thing that made Dorian mad about her is that she is more than an individual.  ¡Ã‚ §I (Dorian) have seen her in every age and in every costume. Ordinary women never appeal to one ¡Ã‚ ¦s imagination. No glamour ever transfigures them ¡Ã‚ ¨ (59). By imagination that Sibyl has the power to arouse, she can be of any characteristics. Art has no set form, but the purpose of art is to give form to feeling. Now, Sibyl is a person that is able to provide all kinds of feelings that Dorian wishes to experience. Dorian finds extreme pleasure in experiencing through all the sentiments that Sibyl gives. Being a spectator to the different lives and stories amuses Dorian: one evening Sibyl is Juliet, next evening she is Imogen, another night, she is Roselind. &nbs...

Ideas inside of us

Wearing headphones or earphones, turning on favorite songs are the best ways to escape from these distractions. Many studies show that some genres of music such as Jazz or Baroque could help the brain signals processing faster. For instance, when listening to a Jazz song, I feel happier, more relaxed and reducing stress. Music really helps my mind regain the energy that I easily continue focusing on the work. The human brain is very smart, but it is also lazy to concentrate for a long time. When doing one thing for a long time, the brain feel bored, hence it easily gets off the track.Some student share experiences that when they focus on study for two or three hours, they feel hardly to keep their mind going on the lesson. Different changes happened however, when they listen to music that helps everything back to its orbit. As a result, music really helps students kept their concentration on studying. Another advantage of listening to music is that music can helps students get creati ve ideas while studying. From joy to ad from happiness to despair, music really has a special ability to leading our emotions.If I need to write a sympathy essay sharing the sorrow with people dying on the war, I should choose a blues ballad song to listen while writing. If am solving an equation in algebra, I need to find a little hard rock of Linking park. Music can simulate students' creativity as a cup of coffee. Listening to music while studying could help students get ideas that they might not realize before. If you want to find something to boost your creative, do not think bout coffee but try some music, it is truly a healthy caffeine medicine for our students.Music leads the emotion and emotion paves the way for creative ideas inside of us. Sometime, you stuck with a problem, find no way to escape the cycle, so you need something helping you get out of that. Let turn on the cellophane, and play some Pop, ideas will come to you. As can be seen, music is an effective medicine helps us get ideas that are more creative. One other advantage of listening to music while studying is that it helps students have a better memory. Our studies prove that Classical or Zen music can help students easily remember the numbers in math or years of history.Music has the ability to transport our memory back in time just like a time machine. Some formulas or sequences students have studied for a long time might be forgotten. Now, they are recalled exactly as learned yesterday thanks for Classical music. Some students cannot remember and revise what they learned because they are under the pressures of the test ahead. In that case, listening to Zen music could release the pressure, slow the heartbeat and inspires students' confidence that help them recall their memories better.Moreover, students will not be bored or stressed when dealing with a long night trying to revise some ideas for a presentation. With a good mood from music, they can better learn facts and lectures tha t they confront for a presentation. Also, fast music affects students' abilities to remember things out loud. In the same way, slow music helps students think more deeply and keep this information in students' memories. Therefore, music is really a helpful tool for students' memories.